Leishmaniasis is a parasitic, endemic disease in several continents (Europe, Africa, North America, and South America) that in the European continent, predominates in the Mediterranean countries, including Portugal.ality
It's caused by a protozoan (small microscopic parasite) transmitted by a mosquito (phlebotomy or "sand fly"), and affects mainly the dog but also the man and, rarely, the cat.
The parasite affects multiple organs (skin, kidneys, liver, bone marrow, spleen).
The most severe cases, those in which there is involvement of internal organs (kidneys and bone marrow). In many of these cases, despite the combined efforts of owners and veterinarian to save the patient, the outcome can be frustrating for everyone, losing a precious life.
Any sick animal is a potential carrier of the parasite, especially if there is history of weight loss, skin and fur in poor condition and poorly healing wounds. For this reason, do not hesitate to pay a visit to your veterinarian.
The animals most at risk are those who live permanently outdoors, existing nowadays a double protection:
- Application of repellents on animals (in pipette or o leash), which help ward off flies and mosquitoes;
- Vaccination, which specifically stimulates a defense mechanism against the parasite in the dog immune system.
It is also recommended whenever possible/ practicable to apply other methods with a repellent effect on the animal's environment (e.g., Repellent lamps) and protection of your pet (keeping him in a room, house or garage) during sunrise and nightfall, periods when mosquitoes feed with avidity.
For sick animals, although there is no definitive cure (all infected become chronic carriers), there are currently excellent medicines for controlling the disease and restore health and vitality of your companion as well as prevent it from resulting in infection to others or to man (the transmission is always made through the mosquito that bites an infected and subsequently to feed themselves, infect another animal or a human)..
Check with your veterinarian as he can help you to protect and take care of your friend.
